Identifying Patient s Needs And Analysis And Synthesis

Your Name: Janis Luce Date: January 15, 2015 Your Instructor’s Name: Knapp Purpose: The focus of this assignment is identifying patient’s needs and analysis and synthesis of details within the written client record and planning an appropriate discharge plan with necessary patient teaching of the disease process. Points: This assignment is worth a total of 100 points. Directions: Please refer to the Discharge Teaching Plan Guidelines found in Doc Sharing for details about how to complete this form. Type your answers on this form. Click â€Å"Save as† and save the file with the assignment name and your last name, e.g., â€Å"NR305_Discharge_Teaching_ Plan_Form_Smith† When you are finished, submit the form to the Teaching Plan Dropbox by the†¦show more content†¦It would be best to use a multifaceted approach to Mr. Yoder’s discharge planning. We can use the help of his son as well as any support groups in the community and continue to implement the help of a home health nurse. Focusing on how Mr. Yoder retains information best will be important here. We can alter our teaching methods to match his needs. It will also be important to focus on his readiness to learn. Using a multitude of techniques in Mr. Yoder’s plan of care will help him be successful in his discharge from the hospital. Implementing the assistance of community-focused programs can help give Mr. Yoder companionship. Support programs with the agencies on aging can be informative and helpful (www.agingcare.com, 2015). They can assist with getting patients to doctors appointment, planning meals, and offer support, which Mr. Yoder would benefit from all of those. Jon, Mr. Yoder’s son can also assist in educating and re-enforcing things to help Mr. Yoder remember what needs to be done, assisting him with his own accountability for his health. With the help of his son Jon, we can give him other people to help be accountable for his healthcare. To measure Mr. Yoder’s goals we can look at obtaining the number of times each week that he is able to leave the house or have assistance come in.

The Perception of Fear Essay examples - 2300 Words

Fear is created by your perspective of a situation, object or topic. You fear something based on the way you perceive it, evaluating whether it as a threat to you or not. Once a fear is born it continues to shape your perspective intensifying the fear and guaranteeing that it will remain. When these perspectives become distorted the fear that drives them has the potential to take control over a person’s life. As the fear grows clear observation is limited and obsessive behavior can occur. Once a person’s perspective is controlled by their fear their quality of life diminishes which contributes to pessimism and a lack of social connections. In the article Seeing by feeling: Virtues, Skills, and Moral Perceptions one of†¦show more content†¦He felt detached from everything, his observations were a result of his perception â€Å"And further still at unearthly height†. Even time appeared distant to him â€Å"O luminary clock against the sky(Frost). Once a person with an intense fear is made to confront it panic can occur because their perception of the fear is danger, as seen in What can I do to Help Patients With Belonephobia. The individuals fear may be expressed somatically by rapid heart rate, increased blood pressure, tremor, feeling faint or actually fainting, nausea, diaphoresis, and feelings of panic. A full- blown panic attack can occur if the individual believes escape is impossible (Muscari). Once a perspective is distorted it can cause a fear to be larger than life to the person experiencing it. The whole picture is replaced with bits and pieces of the truth which are in themselves are blown out of proportion. This building of a false perception gives rise to obsessive behavior. In the movie 1984 Winston’s fear is intensified because it is unknown: Because of the position in which O’Brian was standing Winston could not see what the thing was (Orwell 13). As Winston’s fear grows he personifies the rats increasing their power: an old grandfather of the sewer stood up, with his pink hands against the bars, andShow MoreRelatedFear Is The False Perception Of Reality900 Words   |  4 PagesFear My religious leader once said that fear is the false perception of reality. Meaning that it affects how one could think, and it ultimately affects how a person makes decisions which can then affect the person’s life. One of the challenges that I face in my life is being fearful. While fear does not totally consume my life it, does affect the way I think and execute things. If fear was not a challenge in my life I would be able to do and complete anything that I wanted without any hesitationRead MorePerception Of Fear Among Female Prisoners867 Words   |  4 PagesPerception of fear among female prisoners housed in a maximum-security prison Operational definition of fear- The synonyms of fear is terror or horror. It can also classified as anticipation of some known or unknown danger. This anticipation makes us afraid. Sometimes some special feelings or unpleasant memories are also associated that results in fear. Fear can also be associated with the anticipation of physical and/or mental pain. The female inmates in a prison are in the close confines of a specificRead MoreMedia s Perception And Fear Of Crime1445 Words   |  6 PagesAs with most controversial issues, it is clear that the media play a strong role in people’s perception and fear of crime. Psychologists have proven that cognitive biases can skew our perceptions (Fogg, 2013). Crime is very prominent is all media and Robert Reiner (1997) claims: The risk of crimes as portrayed in media are both quantitatively and qualitatively more serious in the media than the official statistically recorded picture. Reiner (1997) continues to argue the disproportionate representationRead MoreConflict Is Caused by Fear Essay examples802 Words   |  4 PagesConflict is a word used to describe a state of discomfort, anger, frustration, sadness or pain that arises from a struggle to resist or overcome a condition of opposition, antagonism or discord. Fear is an unpleasant and frequently strong emotion caused by anticipation or awareness of danger. Fear affects the way that people manage antagonistic circumstances, and can often provoke uncharacteristic or defensive responses. In order to understand conflict, we must first accept the inevitability of conflictRead MoreCrime And Fear Of Crime1699 Words   |  7 Pagespotential influences that can shape an individual’s perceptions. Additionally, a major factor of perceptions of crime is the underlying emotional reactions to crime and criminal issues. These emotions about crime are vary from person to person but fear of crime tends to be regard ed as the most influential response, as represented by the vast research conducted on the topic of fear of crime and its effects. In this paper, three articles that relate to perceptions about crime and the emotional reactions peopleRead MoreRealtionship Between the Media, Public Perceptions of Crime and Police1553 Words   |  7 Pagesthe amount of exposure to specific news media affect fear of crime? This question is examined in a survey with data collected from three universities in the United States and one in Canada;  The Impact of Media on Fear of Crime among University Students: A Cross-National Comparison, goes over the results. It’s believed that fear in itself can be debilitating leading to harmful social outcomes. Vincent Sacco believes there are three dimensions to fear of crime: cognitive, emotional and behavioral. CognitiveRead MoreMean World1027 Words   |  5 PagesEveryone is influenced and shaped by society. Society affects our perceptions, our conscious ness, and our actions. A majority of the influence, especially on the younger demographic comes through the media; specifically through television. It is important to examine how violence in the media develops a pervasive cultural environment that cultivates a heightened state of insecurity, exaggerated perceptions of risk and danger, and a fear-driven propensity for hard-line political solutions to social problemsRead MoreChildhood Parents And Special Education961 Words   |  4 Pagesparents often have negative perceptions towards special education; resulting in the delay or impediment of their child receiving services. In this author’s experience as a classroom teacher, approximately half of all the parents whose child was identified as special needs resisted or delayed their child’s participation in services or special education because of their perceptions towards special education. It is necessary to understand what contributes to the perceptions in order to pro vide parentsRead MoreEssay about False Perception of Equality in Society1262 Words   |  6 Pagesequality and is fugitive of the United States Handicapper General. The conflict between the United States Handicapper General and the Bergeron family helps to establish and develop the theme of a false perception of equality. George and Hazel Bergeron help to establish the theme of the false perception of equality in the society: â€Å"George, while his intelligence was way above normal, had a little mental handicap radio in his ear† (1200). The handicap radio sends sharp noises ever few minutes to breakRead MoreMonsters and The Moral Imagination by Stephen Asma1091 Words   |  5 Pagesa ghoul in the midst of a cold nightly stroll or a mass genocide, monsters are lurking everywhere and our perception of what monsters truly are, is enhancing their growth as a force with which to be reckoned. Fear of the unknown is seen throughout time, but as humans progress we are finding that things we once were afraid of we are less frightening than they once were. Monsters can evoke fear in their targeted victims rather than physically harm their victims. For instance, every year a new horror

Minds Are Open Only When Hearts Are Open Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Minds Are Open Only When Hearts Are Open Argumentative Essay You will agree that life dishes out different kinds of challenges to different people. Everyone has to face difficulties, problems, setbacks at some point or the other. My life appeared to be one long-drawn out struggle, Like most people, every time faced yet another problem that sapped my patience and forbearance, I asked myself in despair: Why me? Why cant life ever be smooth and hassle-free? These questions seemed to have no answers. Being a religious person in the traditional sense of the word, concluded that God was unhappy with me. So I made every effort to please Him. But I got no response. Was I dialing a wrong number? As time passed, began to lose faith in someone who could not answer my questions and lead me to a more meaningful life. Resolved to find the answer myself. To set my mind at rest, became a seeker. Life is a test In the course of my journey as a seeker, discovered the Creation Plan of God. According to the plan, life is a test and its many problems are part of that test. Once the test comes to an end marked by death, we are either rewarded or punished, in accordance with our deeds. This world is like an examination hall where a student, with all the freedom to write whatever he wants, takes tests, It is only the result which determines his future. The student is made to confront pleasant and unpleasant situations -? a meant only to test him. His response determines the life to come, This avgas a logic to which my mind yielded without questioning. Everything fell into place. In the framework based on this ideology, discovered that all phenomena Of life were well-explained. TO an explanation-seeking entity called an, only true reasoning can initiate him into the process that will eventually help him to discover his Creator. God is generous desired little, but God gave me much; for what can be greater in this world than a satisfied mind? It is said, Ask God not for a specific thing but pray to Him to bestow upon you what He deems best. It is possible that while you might be praying for a small car, God may voguish to bless you with a luxury vehicle such as a Rolls Royce! Looking back, I van to thank God for having granted me the ability to understand and acknowledge the answers that were presented to me. Eave come to realize that you become receptive to the Wisdom Of life only when you free yourself of biases. If you are unable to shed your bias, you become a trafficker. It is important to live with an open heart and mind, so that you can think beyond your conditioning and discard inhibition and fear. When you discover the meaning of life, God Himself un dergoes a transformation. This metamorphosis develops your personality and helps you to grow spiritually. It also helps you achieve material success.

Mikayla Clements Essays (806 words) - Forced Migration, Demography

Mikayla Clements Symposium Response On September 21, 2016 I attended two sessions at the 2016 Symposium. The theme this year was America and the Middle East. I thought that this was a very fitting topic for recent events that have taken place in America and the stigma that surrounds people from the Middle East. I feel like it is very important that we are informed and educated about such a controversial topic right now in America. The first session that I attended was " Local Voices". This session held a panel of speakers that were from our local community to advocate for refugees. I gained a lot of insight from this session, I did not realize how many people were advocating for refugees in the Fargo/Moorhead area. I was really intrigued by David Myers who spoke on the panel because he was advocating that refugees have a place to practice their religion. It gave me a new perspective, I was always focusing on how can we find them homes and a job, but I never thought about making sure refugees had a place to practice their religion. The panel talked mostly about their roles in helping refugees and Jessica Thomasson who works at the Lutheran Social Services talked about her work with the refugees and what their roles are. Jessica said that mostly their role is to provide resources for these people to make the transition as smooth as it can possibly be. Jessica brought up a point that our job is to m ake them feel like they are welcomed not just give them the resources and leave them. This gave me a perspective on what it would be like to work with refugees and immigrants as a social worker and I actually had some excitement about it. It seems like it would be very difficult yet a very rewarding experience and just hearing some of the stories that the panel shared about refugees that they have worked with and their successes in America makes me want to help be a part of that change. This session gave me an insight on the necessary steps it takes to help a refugee family and how much work is really put into helping people feel like America is their home. This is something that I could see myself doing as a professional social worker. The second session that I attended was "What's Your Story? Using Narrative to Foster Empathy". I thought that this session was very fitting for social work as social workers we need to know the feeling of empathy and be able to empathize. This session was actually very eye-opening. During this session it was explained that we all can empathize but sometimes we just do not practice it. So, an organization call Narrative4 has stepped up to create hope through empathy and then put empathy into action. So, what Narrative4 does is story exchange, you exchange your story with a partner and then you each tell each other's stories through first person. The idea of it seemed a bit weird to me at first to be honest but during the session they actually did story exchanges and we got to hear people's stories through their partners. It was inspiring a nd beautiful, the bond that is created between the two partners is sort of magical. I think this is a program that many social workers should go through because it helps build empathy and it also gives you experience on listening and stepping into someone else's shoes. I think Narrative4 can not only just help us with understanding refugees but also just understanding people in general and remembering that we are all human beings and we can all empathize. The article Refugees in the Arab Middle East: Academic and Policy Perspectives by Anita Fabos was not about America and the Middle East but about the refugees in the Middle East areas. This article explains how the Refugee studies in the Middle East are unabundant and that there is still a sort of sigma around refugees in different areas of the Middle East. This article shined the light on what is happening in the Middle East, I was not aware of

Theory of Spontaneous Origin and Biogenesis Essays

Theory of Spontaneous Origin and Biogenesis Essays Theory of Spontaneous Origin and Biogenesis Paper Theory of Spontaneous Origin and Biogenesis Paper INTRODUCTION Robert. C. Gallagher once said: â€Å"Change is inevitable- except from a vending machine. † â€Å"Change† is the word the practically governs our world today. Everything is slowly and gradually changing, new technologies and opportunities boosting everywhere. But the underlying question which we all wishfully choose to ignore is â€Å"All the changes happening is for good only? † Ellen Glasgow once said: â€Å"All change is not growth, as all movement is not forward. † Such are the changes going on in the world which are definitely not for good. They are changes like floods, famines, earthquakes and many more natural disasters. Now it feels as though our Mother Earth is mocking at us and trying to teach us an important lesson as though how does it feel if we were tortured. If we were inflicted upon pain the same way we did to her. In all one thought does occur to all of us that is the world really ending? Are we going back to where it all started? But one more question is to be asked and it is WHERE did all this start? WHERE did earth come from? HOW did the life originate? HOW did we come to life? Some of the truth and myths of this â€Å"ORIGIN OF LIFE† Is further discussed in this project. Theory of spontaneous origin Introduction Charles Darwins theory of evolution on the origin of life proposes that some four billion years ago, inanimate chemicals developed completely by chance into highly complex, living, single-celled organisms. This process of life coming from non-life is called spontaneous generation. According to the theory, a single-celled organism eventually evolved into all the complex life forms on earth in a relentless struggle for resources. Every evolutionary theory of life’s origins is based on spontaneous generation. The evolutionary development of life on earth is commonly depicted as an evolutionary tree. If life did arise spontaneously and then evolve into increasingly complex life forms, then spontaneous generation represents the trunk of that evolutionary tree and the branches are the various species that evolved from these earlier forms. If the origin of life cannot be shown to be plausible by the interaction of matter, random chance, energy and time then the existen ce of an evolutionary tree is a dubious proposition at best. Without a trunk there can be no tree. Without spontaneous generation there can be no evolution. First Call The notion that life could arise from inanimate, non-living matter is not a recent idea. During the dark ages, people speculated that rats and flies arose spontaneously from garbage because they mysteriously appeared when garbage was left out. Others had noticed that when meat and broths were left exposed they became covered with maggots and microorganisms. These observations led some to believe that these life forms arose suddenly and spontaneously from non-living, inanimate matter. Louis Pasteur entered the debate in 1862 when he published the results of his experiments on the spontaneous generation of microorganisms in broths. Using glass flasks, Pasteur showed that previously boiled broths remained uncontaminated with microorganisms unless the neck of the flask was broken. Broken flasks quickly teemed with life as the broths became cloudy. He proved that microorganisms were transported through the air to the broth and not generated from the broth itself. The work of Pasteur seemingly ended the debate on the question of the sudden, spontaneous origin of life. By the end of the nineteenth century, the majority of scientists believed that spontaneous generation was not possible. Loyal Darwinists, however, insisted on spontaneous generation, recognizing that it was the foundation upon which evolutionary theory rests. Ernst Haeckel, one of the chief proponents of Darwinism, stated in 1876: If we do not accept the hypothesis of spontaneous generation, then at this one point in the history of evolution we must have recourse to the miracle of a supernatural creation. Reheated The spontaneous generation debate heated up again in 1924 when Russian biochemist, I. A. Oparin proposed that life had arisen from simpler molecules on the lifeless earth under much different atmospheric conditions than exist today. However, instead of life arising suddenly, as previous spontaneous generation theories proposed, Oparin believed that it occurred over a very long period of time. In 1929 English biologist J. B. S. Haldane published a paper in which he proposed that ultraviolet light, acting on a primitive atmosphere containing water, ammonia and methane produced oceans with the consistency of a hot dilute soup containing the building blocks of life. In the nineteenth century Ernst Haeckel argued that although spontaneous generation was not observable under the current conditions on earth, it did take place in the past under different chemical conditions. Oparin and Haldane made the first serious proposals regarding those conditions. In 1952 Harold Urey noted that most of the planets in our solar system, except earth, have an atmosphere which contains little or no free oxygen. Furthermore, Urey knew that the building blocks of life are quickly destroyed (oxidized) if they are exposed to an environment containing oxygen. Therefore, he concluded that spontaneous generation must have occurred on the early earth with an atmosphere consisting mainly of hydrogen, ammonia, methane and water vapor, but little or no molecular oxygen. Lightning, volcanic eruptions, sunlight, and deep oceanic volcanic vents are among the energy sources proposed to stimulate the necessary chemical reactions. It was presumed that the building blocks of life were made in the atmosphere and then gradually fell to earth eventually accumulating in the primeval ocean. Despite absolutely no geological evidence for the existence of this primeval soup the Oparin-Haldane-Urey theories became scientific dogma. These foundational assumptions have provided the framework for the modern theory of evolution for the last several decades. Another Atmosphere The atmospheric conditions proposed by Oparin, Haldane and Urey were radically different from what exists today. Because oxygen destroys the chemical building blocks of life, they speculated that the early earth had an oxygen-free atmosphere. However, in the last few decades, evidence has surfaced that has convinced most atmospheric scientists that the early atmosphere contained abundant oxygen. In the 1970’s Apollo 16 astronauts discovered that water is broken down into oxygen and hydrogen gas in the upper atmosphere when it is bombarded by ultraviolet radiation. This process, called photo dissociation, is an efficient process which would have resulted in the production of large quantities of oxygen in a relatively short time. Studies by the astronauts revealed that this process is probably a major source of oxygen in our current atmosphere. The assumption of an oxygen-free atmosphere has also been rejected on theoretical grounds. The ozone layer around planet earth consists of a thin but critical blanket of oxygen gas in the upper atmosphere. This layer of oxygen gas blocks deadly levels of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Without oxygen in the early atmosphere, there could have been no ozone layer over the early earth. Without an ozone layer, all life on the surface of planet earth would face certain death from exposure to intense ultraviolet radiation. Furthermore, the chemical building blocks of proteins, RNA and DNA, would be quickly annihilated because ultraviolet radiation destroys their chemical bonds. It doesn’t matter if these newly formed building blocks are in the atmosphere, on dry ground, or under water. So evolutionists have a major dilemma. The chemical building blocks of life would be destroyed if oxygen was present, and they would be destroyed if it wasn’t! This catch 22 has been noted by evolutionist and molecular biologist Michael Denton: What we have then is a sort of ‘Catch 22’ situation. If we have oxygen we have no organic compounds, but if we don’t we have none either. Even if the building blocks of life could survive the effects of intense ultraviolet radiation and form life spontaneously, the survival of any subsequent life forms would be impossible in the presence of such heavy ultraviolet light. Ozone must be present to protect any surface life from the deadly effects of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Finally, the assumption that there was no oxygen in the early atmosphere is not borne out by the geologic evidence. Geologists have discovered evidence of abundant oxygen content in the oldest known rocks on earth. Again, Michael Denton: Ominously, for believers in the traditional organic soup scenario, there is no clear geochemical evidence to exclude the possibility that oxygen was present in the Earth’s atmosphere soon after the formation of its crust. All of this evidence supports the fact that there was abundant oxygen on the early earth. However, with or without oxygen, evolution is in a no-win situation. Spontaneous generation could not have occurred either with oxygen- or without it! Another Ocean During the last two decades, the notion of a primordial soup has not fared too well either. Studies of the atmosphere, ultraviolet radiation, and the dilutional effect of a large body of water, have convinced many scientists that the ocean could not have developed into the hot dilute soup that was envisioned by Darwin, Oparin, and Haldane. Oparin envisioned the production of cellular building blocks in the atmosphere as a result of lightning. Once produced, these chemicals would theoretically build up in the primordial oceans and combine to form the first living systems. However, it has been estimated that it would take up to two years for amino acids to fall from the atmosphere into the ocean. This is a huge problem because even small amounts of ultraviolet radiation would destroy the building blocks before they reached the oceans. Furthermore, as we saw earlier, lack of ozone would further expedite this destruction. A problem seldom noted by textbooks is that the chemical reactions that create the building blocks of life are reversible. That is, the same energy sources that cause the formation of the building blocks of life will also destroy those same building blocks unless they are removed from the environment where they were created. In fact, the building blocks of life are destroyed even more efficiently than they are created. These problems have convinced researchers that the idea of a primordial soup is quite unlikely. Michael Denton comments on the lack of evidence for the primordial soup: Rocks of great antiquity have been examined over the past two decades and in none of them has any trace of abiotically produced organic compounds been found†¦Considering the way the pre-biotic soup is referred to in so many discussions of the origin of life as an already established reality, it comes as something of a shock to realize that there is absolutely no positive evidence for its existence. Equilibrium There is one other hurdle that must be successfully cleared if the evolutionist’s scenario on the origin of life is to have credibility. This is the problem of chemical equilibrium. In any broth or solution, there is the tendency for the materials to become evenly distributed with time. This tendency is called the development of equilibrium. For example, if a drop of red dye is put into a container of water the dye particles gradually disperse throughout the solution until the entire solution turns a dilute red color. The larger the volume of the solvent (i. e. , the water in the dye example), the more dilute will be the solution once the dye particles have become evenly distributed. This dilutional effect is irreversibly tied to time. As time advances, the dye particles become evenly distributed until the solution reaches a state of chemical equilibrium. Again the chemical reactions leading to the formation of DNA and proteins are reversible. This means that the building blocks of DNA and proteins are broken off of the chain just as easily as they are added. Consequently, the building blocks of life, if they survived the effects of oxygen and UV radiation, would constantly be combining and coming apart in the primordial soup. This combining and coming apart of chemical building blocks proceeds until a state of equilibrium is reached. In the case of amino acids and nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA and proteins will be predominantly unbounded when the solution is at equilibrium. Since the natural tendency for the building blocks of life is to disperse and remain un-bonded, the question evolutionists must answer is how did the building blocks of life become bonded and stay bonded in a primordial soup which is steadily progressing towards equilibrium? When confronted with the problem of equilibrium, most evolutionists will appeal to the magic ingredient of time. Nobel Laureate George Wald attempted to explain: Time is in fact the hero of the plot. Given so much time the impossible becomes possible, the possible probable, and the probable virtually certain. One has only to wait: Time itself performs the miracles. However, Dr. Blum, who is an evolutionist himself, points out that Wald’s faith in the miraculous ingredient of time is mere wishful thinking. Prolonged time periods, he asserts, actually worsen the dilemma: I think if I were rewriting this chapter [on the origin of life] completely, I should want to change the emphasis somewhat. I should want to play down still more the importance of the great amount of time available for highly improbable events to occur. One may take the view that the greater the time elapsed the greater should be the approach to equilibrium, the most probable state, and it seems that this ought to take precedence in our thinking over the idea that time provides the possibility for the occurrence of the highly improbable. According to Dr. Blum, the magic bullet of time does not increase the likelihood that chains of DNA or proteins will form by chance chemistry. In fact, increasing the time factor actually ensures that any primordial soup would consist of predominantly unbonded amino acids and nucleotides! The Odds During the last several decades a number of prestigious scientists have attempted to calculate the mathematical probability of the random-chance origin of life. The results of their calculations reveal the enormity of the dilemma faced by evolutionists. Dr. Blum estimated the probability of just a single protein arising spontaneously from a primordial soup. Equilibrium and the reversibility of biochemical reactions eventually led Blum to state: The spontaneous formation of a polypeptide of the size of the smallest known proteins seems beyond all probability. This calculation alone presents serious objection to the idea that all living matter and systems are descended from a single protein molecule which was formed as a ‘chance’ act. In the 1970’s British astronomer Sir Frederick Hoyle set out to calculate the mathematical probability of the spontaneous origin of life from a primordial soup environment. Applying the laws of chemistry, mathematical probability and thermodynamics, he calculated the odds of the spontaneous generation of the simplest known free 1 Consider this. The odds of winning a state lottery are about 1 chance in ten million. The odds of someone winning the state lottery every single week from age 18 to age 99 is 1 chance in 4. 6 x 1029,120. Therefore, the odds of winning the state lottery every week consecutively for eighty years is more likely than the spontaneous generation of just the proteins of an amoebae! A more detailed estimate for spontaneous generation has been made by Harold Morowitz, a Yale University physicist. Morowitz imagined a broth of living bacteria that was super-heated so that all the complex chemicals were broken down into their basic building blocks. After cooling the mixture, he concluded that the odds of a single bacterium re 2 In his book, Origins–A Skeptics Guide to the Creation of Life on Earth, Robert Shapiro gives a very realistic illustration of how one might estimate the odds of the spontaneous generation of life. Shapiro begins by allowing one billion years (5 x 1014 minutes) for spontaneous biogenesis. Next he notes that a simple bacterium can make a copy of itself in twenty minutes, but he assumes that the first life was much simpler. So he allows each trial assembly to last one minute, thus providing 5 x 1014 trial assemblies in 1 billion years to make a living bacterium. Next he allows the entire ocean to be used as the reaction chamber. If the entire ocean volume on planet earth were divided into reaction flasks the size of a bacterium we would have 1036 separate reaction flasks. He allows each reaction flask to be filled with all the necessary building blocks of life. Finally, each reaction chamber is allowed to proceed through one-minute trial assemblies for one billion years. The result is that there would be 1051 tries available in 1 billion years. According to Morowitz we need 10100,000,000,000 trial assemblies! Regarding the probabilities calculated by Morowitz, Robert Shapiro wrote: The improbability involved in generating even one bacterium is so large that it reduces all considerations of time and space to nothingness. Given such odds, the time until the black holes evaporate and the space to the ends of the universe would make no difference at all. If we were to wait, we would truly be waiting for a miracle. Regarding the origin of life, Francis Crick, winner of the Nobel Prize in biology, stated: An honest man, armed with all the knowledge available to us now, could only state that in some sense, the origin of life appears at the moment to be almost a miracle, so many are the conditions which would have had to have been satisfied to get it going. Regarding the probability of spontaneous generation, Harvard University biochemist and Nobel Laureate, George Wald stated: One has to only contemplate the magnitude of this task to concede that the spontaneous generation of a living organism is impossible. Yet we are here–as a result, I believe, of spontaneous generation. In this incredibly twisted statement, we see that Wald’s dogmatic adherence to the evolutionist’s paradigm is independent of the evidence. Wald’s belief in the impossible can only be explained by faith: †¦the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen. Despite these incredible odds and insurmountable problems, spontaneous generation is taught as a fact from grammar school to the university level. In fact, NASA reported to the press in 1991 their opinion that life arose spontaneously not once, but multiple times, because previous attempts were wiped out by cosmic catastrophes! Conclusion The overwhelming evidence is clear†¦spontaneous generation is an impossibility. It is a scientifically corrupt theory that, among other things, violates the Law of Biogenesis, which says that that life never arises except from life. Life simply cannot come from non-life. Since spontaneous generation is impossible, so then the foundation that evolution rests on has been shattered. Without spontaneous generation there can be no evolution. Despite scientific evidence to the contrary, however, there are those who continue to believe in evolution, and are therefore forced to accept and defend some form of spontaneous generation. The reason for this dogmatic adherence to spontaneous generation is eloquently pointed out by George Wald: When it comes to the origin of life there are only two possibilities: Creation or spontaneous generation. There is no third way. Spontaneous generation was disproved one hundred years ago, but that leads us to only one other conclusion, that of supernatural creation. We cannot accept that on philosophical grounds; therefore, we choose to believe the impossible: That life arose spontaneously by chance! According to Wald, it’s not about discovering the truth through the finding of fact, it’s not a matter of evidence, not a matter of science†¦it’s a matter of philosophy! Like George Wald, many people do not like the alternative: that all life on earth was created by God. So, as Wald said, they are willing to believe the impossible. Since the impossibility of spontaneous generation is a conclusion that leads to a supernatural creative act by God, it is a conclusion that many choose not to accept. It carries with it what are felt to be, in the present politically correct climate, undesirable philosophic and religious implications. It is for that unfortunate and illogical reason most scien tists continue to cling to the unscientific, disproved theory that life arose from non-life through spontaneous generation. Biogenesis is the law that living things come only from other living things, e. g. spider lays eggs, which develop into spiders. It may also refer to biochemical processes of production in living organisms. The biogenesis theory claims that all living things arise from living things. This theory of biogenesis is completely opposite from the spontaneous generation theory. In this article, we shall learn a bit about what is biogenesis theory. But before we go into the details of theory of biogenesis, let us understand the spontaneous theory of generation. Spontaneous Theory of Generation Long before 1900s, people believed that organisms could evolve from non living things. One of the early thinkers who believed that non-living things could spontaneously give rise to living things was Aristotle. For example, it was a common belief that logs gave rise to crocodiles, dirty sewers gave rise to rats, maggots came from dead bodies, wet soil lead to creation of toads, etc. This spontaneous theory of generation had a strong belief system among people over many centuries. What is Biogenesis Theory? An amateur microbiologist, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, observed small organisms in dirty water and some material he scrapped from his teeth. These organisms were called animalcules that we call as protozoans, today. This discovery took Europe by storm and scientists were thrilled to find these animalcules. The most pricking question in the minds of many was about the origin of these animalcules. This doubt had only one answer, spontaneous theory of generation. Over the years, many intelligent minds came up with theories that defied spontaneous generation theory. An Italian physician, Francesco Redi could prove in 1668 that life cannot evolve spontaneously. However, people who supported biogenesis did not think that Redis theory was applicable to microbes. Many other scientists continued their attempts to dissolve the pontaneous theory of generation. However, John Needham in 1745, added chicken broth to a flask and allowed it to cool. Then after few days, microbes did grow in the broth, and Needham proposed it a proof of spontaneous theory of generation. Needlam claimed that vital life is needed for spontaneous generation of animalcules. His claim was challenged by Lazzaro Spallanzani in 1768, wh o repeated the experiment in a sealed container. He found there was no growth in the container. Then, in 1858, Rudolf Virchow, a scientist challenged the spontaneous generation theory by proposing the theory of biogenesis. He stated, living cells can arise only from pre-existing living cells. This biogenesis theory partly explained the presence of animalcule under the microscope. However, without any concrete scientific evidence, Virchows biogenesis theory was not accepted by all. Louis Pasteur and Theory of Biogenesis Louis Pasteur was one of the most intelligent scientist of his time. He was the first to be able to prove the biogenesis theory. He proposed that the organisms that are not visible to the naked eye are present in air. However, he emphasized on the fact that air did not give rise to living things. He carried out an experiment that would dissolve the spontaneous theory of generation and prove the theory of biogenesis. In his experiment, Pasteur heated a number of short necked flasks that contained beef broth. After heating the flasks, he immediately sealed the mouths of some flasks and left a few unsealed. Then after a few days, microorganisms were observed in beef broth that was in flasks that were unsealed. The sealed flasks had no microorganisms present in the broth. This proved that the microorganisms were present in the air and could contaminate the beef broth without the seal. Now, to prove that air did not give rise to organisms, he demonstrated another experiment. He filled long-necked flasks with beef broth and the flasks were bent into S-shaped curves. These flasks were heated to kill any presence of life in the beef broth. Then he left the flasks as they were for a few days without sealing them. This way the air could reach the broth as it was not blocked. After a few days, Pasteur observed the beef broth and found no microorganisms in it. This showed that the air can access the broth, but the organisms are trapped in the S-shaped neck of the flask and thus are not able to reach it. You can read more on some interesting creation theories and learn about the human evolution. This simple and ingenious experiment was enough to break an age-old theory of spontaneous generation. The world could now understand the relevancy of biogenesis theory and that only a living thing can give rise to a living thing. Thus, the mystical belief of non living things giving rise to living things was shattered by a simple experiment by Louis Pasteur. In the end, the answer to the question what is biogenesis theory is that all living things will be created only from living things and no other process.

Blackfish Review Let them be wild Professor Ramos Blog

Blackfish Review Let them be wild James Butte 11/26/18 English 010 3:00 Ramos Blackfish â€Å"In November 2015, SeaWorld announced plans to end killer-whale shows at its theme park in San Diego. In March 2016, SeaWorld announced it would end its orca breeding program and begin to phase out all live performances using orcas.† Kay, Jennifer SeaWorld to Stop Breeding Orcas, Making Them Perform Tricks., ). Fais, ScottSeaWorld San Diego ending killer whale shows, Orlando park to expand The documentary â€Å"Blackfish† directed by Gabriela Cowperthwaite shows the truth behind what SeaWorld is doing to the Orcas. This documentary will change the way you think of Orcas in captivity as well as other creatures. This film provides the audience with graphic scenes of these creatures being treated poorly. These Orcas were captured at a very early age, the scene of the baby orca being taken from its mother really makes you feel sad. Just knowing that these people are taking a family member away from their loved ones just for the display of an ocean creature. Just think about what they could be doing instead of being stuck in a tiny tank compared to the giant ocean. According to frontiersin.org, Blackfish is â€Å"Arguably one of the most impactful and successful documentary films, Blackfish fundamentally contributed to the elimination of SeaWorld’s breeding program in less than 3 years.† Certain artists have canceled their performances at SeaWorld because of Blackfish, the way this documentary was filmed was filmed perfectly to forward the information to the audience and caused protests for the animal’s rights outside SeaWorld. â€Å"Cowperthwaite interviews numerous ex-trainers who speak with deep affection about the whales they’ve worked with, yet also visible guilt and profound conviction about having helped exploit them for human entertainment.† (Chang) variety.com. Even though these trainers try to make the situation seem better, they are still guilty of what they had to do. SeaWorld most likely forced them to say what they wanted them to say with things like contracts, etc. activist Howard Garrett also advances his expert view of orcas as naturally friendly, highly emotional creatures that need the freedom of the open seas (tellingly, they’ve never been known to attack humans in the wild). This just adds to the fact that Orcas do not belong in a fish tank. â€Å"The film then builds a compelling psychological profile of Tilikum, who, after being captured in 1983, was held at a now-defunct Canadian theme park called Sealand of the Pacific. There, he was subjected to uniquely abusive training techniques and frequently â€Å"raked,† or attacked, by two older female whales in his tank (the grisly evidence of which is plain to see in the close up footage presented here). Tilikum’s first human victim was a young Sealand trainer, Keltie Byrne, who slipped into the tank, was attacked by the three whales, and eventually drowned.† (Chang) variety.com. Tilikum the Orca was sent away to this canadian theme park to be trained with techniques of abuse, starvation, and bullying of other Orcas. Just imagine being in Tilikum’s Point of view. This documentary shows graphic footage of blood, bullying of Tilikum, and the trainer is also killed by the three whales, this shows the anger, frustration of the creatures from how they ’re treated. How can you not be angry being held in a fish tank forced to perform for an audience or else be tortured your whole life? â€Å"In the wild, orcas swim upward of 100 miles per day. But at SeaWorld and other marine parks around the world, orcas are forced to swim in tiny circles to amuse tourists and spend the majority of their lives virtually motionless in concrete tanks that are the human equivalent of a bathtub. Their important matriarchal bonds are broken when babies are taken from their mothers and sold or transferred to other parks, and captive orcas live only a fraction of their average life span.† (Heather Murphy) Ocean Advocate seaworldofhurt.com Orcas are giant creatures that belong in the wide open ocean. Not a fish tank. Being in such a small tank they can’t even swim more than a couple hundred feet, when in the wild they should be swimming 100 or more miles per day. In the tank they would have to swim the circumference of the tank 1400 times to reach the equivalence of 100 miles. Cowperthwaite has a very dramatic way to show the effects on the Orcas being taken away from their families, cruel techniques of the trainers to force the Orcas to perform for an audience, and I don’t think anyone could have shown this information in such a powerful way. From growing up on an island I have learned that the Dolphin / Whale family is a very smart and kind species. They know how to trap their food and communicate with each other well. How can these giant animals that are captive in a fish tank accomplish these types of things? Some creatures aren’t meant to be held in aquariums and have their life be wasted away while they could be traveling the world with their giant families, especially a creature as smart and capable as an Orca. â€Å"Arguably one of the most impactful and successful documentary films, Blackfish fundamentally contributed to the elimination of SeaWorld’s breeding program in less than 3 years.† Frontiersin.org Caitlyn Burford* and Julie â€Å"Madrone† Kalil Schutten*. Communication, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA (12 January 2017)Burford C and Schutten JK (2017) Internatural Activists and the â€Å"Blackfish Effect†: Contemplating Captive Orcas’ Protest Rhetoric through a Coherence Frame. Front. Commun. 1:16. doi: 10.3389/fcomm.2016.00016 â€Å"Cowperthwaite interviews numerous ex-trainers who speak with deep affection about the whales they’ve worked with, yet also visible guilt and profound conviction about having helped exploit them for human entertainment.† (Chang et al.) variety.com. JANUARY 26, 2013 6:08PM PT. By: Justin Chang. With: John Hargrove, Samantha Berg, Jeffrey Ventre, John Jett, Mark Simmons, Dean Gomersall, Kim Ashdown, Carol Ray, Christopher Porter, Eric Walters, Steve Huxter, Ken Balcomb, Howard Garrett, Lori Marino, Dave Duffus, John Crowe, Suzanne Allee, Estefania Rodriguez, Mercedes Rodriguez. Google Scholar. â€Å"The film then builds a compelling psychological profile of Tilikum, who, after being captured in 1983, was held at a now-defunct Canadian theme park called Sealand of the Pacific. There, he was subjected to uniquely abusive training techniques and frequently â€Å"raked,† or attacked, by two older female whales in his tank (the grisly evidence of which is plain to see in the closeup footage presented here). Tilikum’s first human victim was a young Sealand trainer, Keltie Byrne, who slipped into the tank, was attacked by the three whales, and eventually drowned.†variety.com â€Å"In November 2015, SeaWorld announced plans to end killer-whale shows at its theme park in San Diego. Fais, Scott (November 10, 2015). SeaWorld San Diego ending killer whale shows, Orlando park to expand. St. Petersburg, Florida: Bay News 9. Archived from the original on November 16, 2015. Retrieved November 16. wikipedia.org â€Å"In March 2016, SeaWorld announced it would end its orca breeding program and begin to phase out all live performances using orcas.† Kay, Jennifer (March 17, 2016). SeaWorld to Stop Breeding Orcas, Making Them Perform Tricks. Bloomberg. Retrieved March 17, 2016. wikipedia.org â€Å"In the wild, orcas swim upward of 100 miles per day. But at SeaWorld and other marine parks around the world, orcas are forced to swim in tiny circles to amuse tourists and spend the majority of their lives virtually motionless in concrete tanks that are the human equivalent of a bathtub. Their important matriarchal bonds are broken when babies are taken from their mothers and sold or transferred to other parks, and captive orcas live only a fraction of their average life span.† (Heather Murphy) Ocean Advocate seaworldofhurt.com â€Å"Blackfish: The Documentary That Exposes SeaWorld†.

Journal Article Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Journal Review - Article Example In the secondary school setting, the major elements of stereotyping were assumed to come from teachers and peers in the school. Universities and colleges have opened their doors to people with LD’s. This is with the overall aim of ensuring that they provide the equal opportunities that are needed by people with LD’s to expand their horizons. At this stage, the intelligence of people with LD’s is highly questioned by their peers. Many people wonder whether people with LD’s can effectively adapt to the mechanisms present in the institutions of higher learning. According to them, the system is created in such a way that it would prove a herculean task for people with LD’s to adapt and perform effectively. Their overall ability to contribute to the set educational and cultural standards is observed as no mean fete. The external, self perception creates issues in the overall journey of improving and settling in for people with LD’s in the institut ions of higher learning (May & Stone, 2010). It could be observed that the characteristic of stereotyping should be an element of yester years. This is because people with LD’s have come full circle. ... cation from the Journal of Special Education Many programs have been introduced and practiced with the sole aim of ensuring that each and every child has an effective chance at a career. Career development is a crucial stage in each and every person’s life, and it should be treated with the significance that it deserves. In many areas and regions, the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) legislation has taken effect (Blowe & Price, 2012). This is with the sole aim of ensuring that all children, including those with special needs, acquire training and get active career chances. The adoption of this legislation offers a prominent step in the right direction as it reduces the overall perception that careers are a privilege of the selected few. Technical education in any curriculum aims to ensure that the varied skills and competencies could be effectively adopted into the economy. This is by ensuring that they are focused on by the selected people in society who are interested in the tech nical subjects, in the curriculum. Special education relies on the creation and adoption of varied skills and competencies that would best equip students with exceptional needs. The technical subjects provide feasible alternatives and options for people with unique needs. This is not to say that all other subjects are not vital or crucial. The technical subjects offer tangible alternatives for students who may be interested in the technical aspect of education. The technical subjects should be adopted, and they should be examined like all other subjects (Blowe & Price, 2012). This is with the realization that they play a momentous task in the apprehension of talents, capacities and likes that could translate to individual sustainability. Agriculture, computer and business applications, industry